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Horticulture Series 223

Jonathan R. Schultheis & Keith D. Starke, Department of Horticultural Science

General Cultural Practices

The squash study was established on black plastic mulch. Pesticides used on all plots were chemicals labelled for that crop, 2017 North Carolina Agricultural Chemicals Manual.

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Cathy Herring, (Superintendent), and Brandon Poole, (Horticulture Supervisor, Central Crops Research Station, Clayton, NC), as well as, the personnel at the research station for their help in establishing, maintaining, and harvesting the squash cultigen evaluation study. We want to acknowledge the following summer employees for their assistance with the study: Stephen Bajorek, Shannon Dexter, Elizabeth Indermaur, Katherine Phillips, as well as, graduate students; Fernando Montero De Espinosa and Marlee Trandel. We would also like to thank Joy Smith for conducting the statistical analysis on the data that was collected in this study. The cooperation and support of Abbot & Cobb, Clifton, Bejo, Enza Zaden, HM Clause, Rijk Zwaan, Seminis/Monsanto, and Syngenta are also appreciated. We also want to acknowledge, support for this study was provided by the US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, for the CucCAP Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant under award number 2015-51181-24285.

Disclaimer

This publication presents data from the cultigen evaluation study conducted during 2017. Information in this report is believed to be reliable but should not be relied upon as a sole source of information. Limited accompanying detail is included but excludes some pertinent information, which may aid interpretation.

Introduction

In 2017, summer squash production totaled 2,400 acres in North Carolina. Summer squash remains an important crop to North Carolina producers as the state ranked 7th among those states that produced the crop nationwide in 2013. Summer squash ranks among the top 10 vegetables grown in North Carolina. Squash represents significant economic importance to North Carolina growers with a crop value of $10.1 million in 2017. North Carolina growers have maintained their competitiveness through producing squash varieties that are highly desired by the consumer. In an effort to remain competitive in the marketplace and maximize profitability growers seek to grow squash varieties that will provide them with the highest yields and greatest overall fruit quality. The zucchini market in North Carolina has typically been supplied with a medium green fruit, however, some markets have seen increased demand for cultigens that produce a darker green fruit. Summer squash plantings in North Carolina typically experience higher incidence of disease and insect pressure as they are harvested in the fall when environmental factors favor increased presence of these plant pests. In 2017 the field study was planted on 14 August and we began harvesting on 20 September. The squash were rated for marketable and non-marketable yields, for early and late production, and for consistency of production throughout the harvest period. Quality measurements were collected and average plant stand counts were calculated to conduct the most complete evaluation of each cultigen in the field study. We again included the number of fruit produced per plant over various harvest intervals, and for the entire production season to compliment the yield data.

Materials and Methods

Seeds were sown on 14 August 2017. Hills with seed skips were replanted 9 days after planting to maximize plant stand counts in each plot. Final stand counts were taken on 20 September (approx. 5 weeks after initial planting). This study was planted into existing plastic mulch from a preceding squash study. The herbicide Gramoxone was applied to row middles at 4.5 pt/acre and the herbicide Curbit was applied to spray alleys at 4 pt/ac on 9 September. The insecticides Asana XL, FanFare, Perm-Up 2EC were rotated and applied as a preventative measure beginning 30 August and on the following dates: 13, 20, 27 and 4 September. The following fungicide products were used: Bravo, Presidio, Prestine, Prevacur Flex, Ranman, and Viviando; and applied on the following dates: 30 August; 13, 20, and 27 September; and 4 October. Fertilizer was applied through drip irrigation on the following dates: 9 and 30 August; 13, 20, and 27 September; and 4 October. Harvests were conducted three times per week with a total of 12 harvests for the study. The first harvest was 20 September and the final harvest (#12) was completed on 16 October. Most fruit were harvested when the blossom was detached from the fruit, and then categorized as marketable or nonmarketable. Fruit that were small or undersized, or were misshapen, were categorized as culls (non-marketable). Graded fruit were weighed and counted for each category and plot. The study design was a randomized complete block with four replications. Other than yield, other quality measurements taken were: percent plant stand and average fruit length and width. Overall, plant stands were excellent for zucchini squash at 97% on average and somewhat lower for yellow squash at 85%. However, the entire study was affected by severe virus pressure and therefore underperformed with regards to overall fruit yield and quality.

The highest yields of US #1 squash were obtained during the first four harvests (74%) followed by (70%) in harvests 5 through 8 and (57%) in harvests 9 through 12 (Table 3).

Significant disease pressure moved into the study shortly after establishment and disease severity increased throughout the growing season. This greatly reduced marketable yields in harvests 5 through 8 and harvests 9 through 12 (Table 3). Significant disease pressure throughout the season suppressed yields of the entire study resulting in an only 73 % marketable fruit across all entries (Table 2). Entries that performed well above the average were E28Z.00628 (95%), Everglade (95%), Ladoga (93%), SV0914 (88%) and Sanabria (85%) (Table2). The entry with the highest yielding US #1 marketable fruit was SV0474 (505 boxes per acre), the lowest was 23-580 (90 boxes per acre). The low yields were mainly due to inferior plant stand.

The percentage of US #1 marketable fruit was especially high for SV0474 (98.1%) and Everglade (96.4%) during harvests 1 through 4; E28Z.00628 (95.1%) and Everglade (91.2%) during harvests 5 through 8; and during harvests 9 through 12, E28Z.00628 (88.6%), SV0914 (79.5%) and Everglade (74.9%) (Table 3).

The number of fruit per plant for each entry during three harvest intervals are shown in Table 4. Cumulative marketable fruit weight per plant over all harvests (12) averaged 73.3% (Table 5), while cumulative marketable fruit number per plant averaged 70.4% (Table 6).

The cumulative number of fruits per acre for each cultigen across all harvest (12) and for each grade are provided in Table 7, while the number of fruits per acre for each cultigen for harvests 1 through 4 (early season), harvests 5 through 8 (mid-season) and harvests 9 through 12 (late season) are provided in Table 8, with corresponding percentages in Table 9.

Limited data outside of yields were obtained, however, percentage plant stand and average fruit length and widths were determined (Table 10). Longer fruits were generally obtained with Sanabria, Calagreen, Zucchini Elite and Ladoga.

Yellow squash cultigens in the study were affected by virus similar to the zucchini squash entries. The highest yielding yellow squash cultigens (Marketable) based on total number of boxes per acre for early-harvests (1-4) were Grandprize and Cosmos (Table 11). Grandprize and Goldprize yielded the highest number of twenty pound boxes in the mid-season harvests (5-8) (Table 11). Similar to mid-season harvests, Grandprize and Goldprize had the highest marketable yields (based on total number of 20 pound boxes per acre) in the late-season harvests (9-12) (Table 11). Grandprize and Cosmos yielded the highest cumulative number of 20 lb boxes per acre (≥150) across all harvests (Table 12). Grandprize and Cosmos had the highest percentage (> 80%) of marketable fruit in early-harvests (1-4) (Table 13). In the mid-season harvests (5-8) Grandprize and Multipik had the highest percentage (> 59%) of marketable fruit. Grandprize had the highest percentage (> 67%) of marketable fruit in the late-season harvests (9-12) ) (Table 13). Grandprize and Multipik had the highest number of yields (≥ 2.0 fruit per plant) in the early-season harvests (1-4) (Table 14). Grandprize yielded the greatest number of fruit per plant in the mid-season harvests (5-8) and late-season harvests (8-12) (Table 14). Grandprize and Multipik yielded the highest percentage of fruit weight per plant (≥ 57%) across all harvests (Table 15). Grandprize and Multipik also had the highest percentage of fruit number per plant (≥ 61%) across all harvests (Table 16). These two cultigens yielded 19,275 and 15,028 fruit per acre, respectively, across all harvests (Table 17). Cosmos and Grandprize yielded the highest number of fruit per acre (> 7,150 fruit per acre) in the early-season harvests (1-4) (Table 18). Goldprize and Grandprize both yielded more than 6,200 fruit per acre in the mid-season harvests (5-8). Grandprize yielded the highest number of fruit per acre (5,772 fruit per acre) in the late-season harvests (9-12) (Table 18). Grandprize had the highest percentage (95% and 69%, respectively) of marketable fruit in the early-season harvests (1-4) and mid-season harvests (5-8) (Table 19). In the late-season harvests (9-12) Grandprize had the highest percentage (66%) of marketable fruit (Table 19). Cosmos had the longest fruit length, on average, followed by Grandprize, Multipik and Goldprize (Table 20).

Note: Severe virus presence was observed soon after the study was established in the field.Photographs contained in this publication illustrate the adverse effects virus had on fruit yield and quality across all harvests (12).

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Figure 1. Zucchini squash photographs on pages 7 – 16 of this pdf, replicated cultivars. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Company
Calabonita	Rijk Zwaan
Calagreen	Rijk Zwaan
Everglade	Syngenta
Green Machine	Enza Zaden
Ladoga	Bejo
Leopard	HM Clause
Payload	Syngenta
Sanabria	Bejo
Spineless Supreme	Syngenta
Tigress	HM Clause
Zucchini Elite	Clifton – HM Clause
23-580	Rijk Zwaan
23-585	Rijk Zwaan
E28Z.00628	Enza Zaden
SV0143	Syngenta
SV3451	Syngenta
SV0474	Seminis
SV0914	Seminis
SV6009	Seminis
SV9043	Seminis

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Table 1.1 Zucchini Squash cultigen trial yields¹, number of 20 lb boxes per acre, per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2
	Harvests. 1 – 4		Harvests. 5 – 8		Harvests. 9 – 12
	#1	#2	#1	#2	#1	#2
Calabonita	130	9	37	8	72	18
Calagreen	78	13	126	3	70	4
Everglade	170	4	139	5	152	30
Green Machine	123	0	95	13	79	4
Ladoga	139	11	113	6	100	31
Leopard	81	6	127	4	105	4
Payload	134	9	130	11	85	18
Sanabria	119	8	100	11	85	31
Spineless Supreme	99	0	79	14	90	16
Tigress	73	9	111	11	125	20
Zucchini Elite	49	1	66	8	39	6
23-580	22	0	34	2	33	0
23-585	148	6	131	0	126	5
E28Z.00628	155	16	178	3	152	5
SV0143	134	16	105	15	103	16
SV3451	87	4	91	2	94	7
SV0474	227	2	139	13	139	14
SV0914	38	5	75	9	117	26
SV6009	106	7	89	4	65	0
SV9043	103	5	109	2	115	7
Average	111	7	104	7	97	13
LSD (0.05)	63	15	56	12	56	19

¹Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September; Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6 October; Harvests 9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, 9, 11, 13 and 16 October 2017.
²Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No.1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No.2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).

Table 1.2. Zucchini Squash cultigen trial yields¹, number of 20 lb boxes per acre, per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Culls3			Virus4
	Harvest 1 – 4	Harvest 5 – 8	Harvest 9 – 12	Harvest 1 – 4	Harvest 5 – 8	Harvest 9 – 12
Calabonita	9	13	15	40	33	107
Calagreen	17	5	3	11	32	42
Everglade	3	6	11	0	1	3
Green Machine	20	3	4	8	57	100
Ladoga	2	0	10	1	9	6
Leopard	26	5	10	10	13	41
Payload	8	7	26	2	20	27
Sanabria	2	8	7	4	14	31
Spineless Supreme	15	8	10	0	3	19
Tigress	14	8	0	84	67	96
Zucchini Elite	25	10	13	55	43	94
23-580	0	0	2	23	35	110
23-585	4	1	3	22	26	72
E28Z.00628	9	3	5	0	3	9
SV0143	7	11	14	3	39	44
SV3451	8	12	14	17	55	96
SV0474	2	5	1	0	3	37
SV0914	6	14	4	4	7	4
SV6009	3	5	7	9	62	85
SV9043	10	4	1	7	33	53
Average	9	6	8	15	28	54
LSD (0.05)	15	11	10	28	41	44

³ Culls consisted primarily of misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

Table 1.3. Zucchini Squash cultigen trial yields¹, number of 20 lb boxes per acre, per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Total 20 pound boxes per acre
	Harvest 1 – 4	Harvest 5 – 8	Harvest 9 – 12
Calabonita	188	91	212
Calagreen	120	166	120
Everglade	177	151	197
Green Machine	151	167	187
Ladoga	154	128	146
Leopard	123	149	160
Payload	154	168	156
Sanabria	133	132	155
Spineless Supreme	113	103	135
Tigress	180	197	241
Zucchini Elite	130	127	152
23-580	45	72	145
23-585	180	157	206
E28Z.00628	180	187	172
SV0143	160	171	177
SV3451	116	161	210
SV0474	230	160	191
SV0914	53	105	150
SV6009	124	161	157
SV9043	125	149	176
Average	142	145	172
LSD (0.05)	71	66	67

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Table 2. Zucchini Squash cultigen trial yields, cumulative boxes, (20 lbs.), per acre, among all harvests¹. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2		Culls3	Virus4  Total	Total	Percent
	#1	#2				Marketable	Cull	Virus
Calabonita	238	35	38	180	492	56	8	36
Calagreen	274	20	26	85	406	72	7	21
Everglade	462	39	21	4	525	95	4	1
Green Machine	297	17	26	164	505	63	5	32
Ladoga	352	48	12	15	428	93	3	3
Leopard	312	15	42	64	432	72	12	16
Payload	350	39	41	48	478	82	10	8
Sanabria	304	50	17	49	420	85	6	10
Spineless Supreme	268	29	33	22	352	84	10	6
Tigress	308	41	22	248	619	58	3	39
Zucchini Elite	155	15	47	192	408	43	12	45
23-580	90	2	2	168	262	34	0	66
23-585	405	11	8	119	542	75	2	23
E28Z.00628	485	25	17	12	539	95	3	2
SV0143YG	342	48	32	86	508	79	6	15
SV3451YG	272	13	33	168	486	61	8	31
SV0474YG	505	28	7	40	581	91	1	7
SV0914YG	230	40	23	15	308	88	7	5
SV6009YG	260	11	14	156	442	62	3	34
SV9043YG	328	14	15	93	450	77	3	20
Average	312	27	24	96	459	73	6	21
LSD (0.05)	136	26	21	97	172	15	6	15

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September; Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6 October; Harvests 9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted primarily of misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 3.1. Zucchini Squash cultigen trial yields¹. Percentage marketable fruit per indicated harvests by fruit yield for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Percentage of yield based upon grade.

Cultivar	Marketable²
	#1			#2
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Calabonita	68	43	30	6	9	12
Calagreen	66	74	57	11	1	4
Everglade	96	91	75	2	3	15
Green Machine	82	56	43	0	10	3
Ladoga	91	87	67	8	6	20
Leopard	62	82	64	4	3	2
Payload	83	80	54	8	8	12
Sanabria	87	74	54	9	9	22
Spineless Supreme	86	76	66	0	9	11
Tigress	40	58	52	6	6	8
Zucchini Elite	38	52	28	1	8	4
23-580	39	33	26	0	2	0
23-585	81	83	59	3	0	2
E28Z.00628	88	95	89	8	2	3
SV0143	86	63	60	9	10	10
SV0474	98	88	73	1	8	7
SV0914	62	71	80	8	8	16
SV3451	75	61	47	4	1	3
SV6009	75	56	44	11	3	0
SV9043	83	76	66	4	1	4
Average	74	70	57	5	5	8
LSD (0.05)	22	23	21	11	9	11

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September; Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6 October; Harvests 9-12
occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No.1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No.2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be
affected by defects).

Table 3.2. Zucchini Squash cultigen trial yields¹. Percentage cull and virus symptomatic fruit per indicated harvests by fruit yield for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Culls3			Virus4
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Calabonita	6	12	8	20	36	50
Calagreen	14	3	3	9	21	36
Everglade	2	5	8	0	1	2
Green Machine	14	2	2	5	33	53
Ladoga	1	0	8	0	7	5
Leopard	25	4	9	10	12	25
Payload	8	3	17	1	9	16
Sanabria	2	10	5	3	7	19
Spineless Supreme	14	10	9	0	5	14
Tigress	6	5	0	49	32	40
Zucchini Elite	22	7	8	39	32	60
23-580	0	0	1	61	65	74
23-585	3	0	1	13	17	38
E28Z.00628	5	2	3	0	2	6
SV0143	4	8	8	2	19	22
SV0474	1	3	0	0	2	20
SV0914	11	14	3	19	6	2
SV3451	9	11	6	12	28	43
SV6009	2	3	4	13	38	51
SV9043	9	2	1	5	21	30
Average	8	5	5	13	20	30
LSD (0.05)	13	11	8	18	24	19

³ Culls consisted primarily of misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 4.1. Zucchini Squash cultigen trial yields¹, average number of marketable³ fruit per plant, per indicated harvest period² for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable³
	1 – 4		5 – 8		9 – 12
	#1	#2	#1	#2	#1	#2
Calabonita	1.7	0.6	0.8	0.1	0.2	0.2
Calagreen	1.2	1.9	0.8	0.1	0.1	0.1
Everglade	2.0	2.1	1.2	0.1	0.1	0.3
Green Machine	1.8	1.4	0.9	0.0	0.2	0.1
Ladoga	1.7	1.3	1.1	0.1	0.1	0.4
Leopard	1.0	1.8	1.0	0.1	0.1	0.1
Payload	1.5	1.9	1.2	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sanabria	1.4	1.5	1.0	0.1	0.2	0.3
Spineless Supreme	1.4	1.3	1.2	0.0	0.2	0.2
Tigress	0.7	1.7	1.4	0.1	0.1	0.2
Zucchini Elite	0.6	0.9	0.6	0.0	0.1	0.1
23-580	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
23-585	1.3	1.6	1.4	0.1	0.0	0.1
E28Z.00628	2.3	2.6	1.9	0.2	0.1	0.1
SV0143YG	1.7	1.4	1.1	0.2	0.2	0.2
SV0474YG	2.7	1.9	1.6	0.0	0.1	0.1
SV0914YG	0.5	1.5	1.9	0.1	0.2	0.3
SV3451YG	1.4	1.3	1.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
SV6009YG	1.6	1.3	1.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
SV9043YG	1.5	1.6	1.2	0.1	0.0	0.1
Average	1.4	1.5	1.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
LSD (0.05)	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.2

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September; Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6
October; Harvests 9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
² Average number of fruit harvested from each plant at each harvest period (i.e.: 1-5; 6-10; 11-15).
³ Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No.1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No.2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater   surface area to be affected by defects).

Table 4.2. Zucchini Squash cultigen trial yields¹, average number of culls⁴ and virus⁵ symptomatic fruit per plant, per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Culls4			Virus5
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Calabonita	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.6	1.3
Calagreen	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.5	0.7
Everglade	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1
Green Machine	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	1.0	1.4
Ladoga	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.1
Leopard	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.7
Payload	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.0	0.2	0.4
Sanabria	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.5
Spineless Supreme	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.3
Tigress	0.1	0.1	0.0	1.1	0.8	1.4
Zucchini Elite	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.7	0.6	1.3
23-580	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4	0.5	1.2
23-585	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.4	0.4	0.7
E28Z.00628	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2
SV0143YG	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.5	0.6
SV0474YG	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.5
SV0914YG	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
SV3451YG	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.5	1.3
SV6009YG	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	1.1	1.4
SV9043YG	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.5	0.6
Average	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.7
LSD (0.05)	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.5	0.5

⁴ Culls consisted primarily of misshaped fruit.
⁵ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

Table 4.3. Zucchini Squash cultigen trial yields¹, total number of fruit per plant, per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Total
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Calabonita	2.3	1.6	2.7
Calagreen	1.7	2.6	1.7
Everglade	2.1	2.4	1.8
Green Machine	2.2	2.6	2.5
Ladoga	1.9	1.5	1.6
Leopard	1.7	2.3	1.9
Payload	1.8	2.4	2.2
Sanabria	1.6	2.0	1.9
Spineless Supreme	1.7	1.7	1.8
Tigress	1.9	2.8	2.9
Zucchini Elite	1.8	1.7	2.1
23-580	0.7	0.8	1.6
23-585	1.8	2.0	2.2
E28Z.00628	2.7	2.8	2.3
SV0143YG	2.0	2.4	2.0
SV0474YG	2.8	2.3	2.1
SV0914YG	0.8	1.9	2.4
SV3451YG	1.9	2.0	2.6
SV6009YG	1.8	2.5	2.5
SV9043YG	1.9	2.2	2.0
Average	1.9	2.1	2.1
LSD (0.05)	0.8	0.8	0.6

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Table 5. Zucchini squash cultigen trial. Cumulative fruit weight and percent per plant among all harvests¹. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2		Culls3	Virus4	Total	Percent
	#1	#2				Marketable	Cull	Virus
Calabonita	1.1	0.2	0.2	0.8	2.3	56	8	36
Calagreen	1.3	0.1	0.1	0.4	1.9	72	7	21
Everglade	2.2	0.2	0.1	0.0	2.5	95	4	1
Green Machine	1.4	0.1	0.1	0.8	2.4	63	5	32
Ladoga	1.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	2.0	93	3	3
Leopard	1.4	0.1	0.2	0.3	2.0	72	12	16
Payload	1.6	0.2	0.2	0.2	2.2	82	10	8
Sanabria	1.4	0.2	0.1	0.2	1.9	85	6	10
Spineless Supreme	1.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	1.6	84	11	6
Tigress	1.6	0.2	0.1	1.3	3.2	58	3	39
Zucchini Elite	0.7	0.1	0.2	0.9	1.9	43	12	45
23-580	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.8	1.2	34	1	66
23-585	1.9	0.1	0.0	0.5	2.5	75	2	24
E28Z.00628	2.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	2.5	95	3	2
SV0143	1.6	0.2	0.1	0.4	2.3	79	6	15
SV0474	2.4	0.1	0.0	0.2	2.7	91	1	8
SV0914	1.5	0.2	0.1	0.1	1.9	88	8	5
SV3451	1.3	0.1	0.2	0.8	2.3	61	8	31
SV6009	1.4	0.1	0.1	0.8	2.4	62	3	34
SV9043	1.5	0.1	0.1	0.4	2.1	77	3	20
Average	1.5	0.1	0.1	0.5	2.2	73	6	21
LSD (0.05)	0.6	0.1	0.1	0.5	0.8	15	6	15

¹ Total of 12 harvests.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted primarily of mishaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 6. Zucchini squash cultigen trial yields, cumulative fruit number per plant and percent per grade among all harvests¹. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2		Culls3	Virus4	Total	Percent
	#1	#2				Marketable	Cull	Virus
Calabonita	3.1	0.5	0.8	2.3	6.6	54	12	34
Calagreen	3.9	0.2	0.5	1.4	6.0	67	9	24
Everglade	5.3	0.4	0.4	0.2	6.3	91	6	2
Green Machine	4.1	0.2	0.4	2.5	7.3	61	6	33
Ladoga	4.0	0.6	0.2	0.3	5.0	91	3	5
Leopard	3.8	0.2	0.7	1.2	5.9	64	16	20
Payload	4.6	0.4	0.7	0.6	6.4	80	12	8
Sanabria	3.8	0.5	0.3	0.8	5.4	80	7	13
Spineless Supreme	3.9	0.4	0.7	0.3	5.2	81	14	5
Tigress	3.8	0.4	0.2	3.2	7.6	55	3	42
Zuchinni Elite	2.0	0.2	0.7	2.6	5.5	41	13	46
23-580	1.0	0.0	0.0	2.1	3.1	31	1	68
23-585	4.3	0.1	0.1	1.5	6.0	73	2	25
E28Z.00628	6.8	0.4	0.4	0.3	7.8	91	5	3
SV0143YG	4.1	0.5	0.6	1.2	6.3	74	9	17
SV0474YG	6.2	0.3	0.2	0.5	7.2	90	3	7
SV0914YG	3.9	0.5	0.3	0.3	5.0	88	6	5
SV3451YG	3.7	0.2	0.5	2.1	6.5	61	9	30
SV6009YG	3.9	0.1	0.2	2.6	6.8	59	3	38
SV9043YG	4.3	0.2	0.3	1.3	6.1	75	5	20
Average	4.0	0.3	0.4	1.4	6.1	70	7	22
LSD (0.05)	1.5	0.3	0.3	1.1	1.7	15	8	13

¹ Total of 12 harvests.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which   are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted of primarily misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 7.1. Zucchini squash cultigen trial. Marketable fruit number per acre and  percentages, among all harvests¹. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2		Culls3	Virus4	Total	Percent
	#1	#2				Marketable	Culls	Virus
Calabonita	13504	1960	3267	9801	28532	54	12	34
Calagreen	16226	980	2069	5990	25265	67	9	24
Everglade	22586	1742	1634	653	26615	91	6	2
Green Machine	17642	871	1851	10781	31145	61	6	33
Ladoga	17424	2614	653	1198	21889	91	3	5
Leopard	16444	762	3158	5336	25700	64	16	20
Payload	20147	1851	3049	2723	27770	80	12	8
Sanabria	16662	2069	1307	3485	23522	80	7	13
Spineless Supreme	16880	1634	2831	1307	22651	81	14	5
Tigress	13939	1416	871	12741	28967	55	3	42
Zucchini Elite	8712	980	2940	11543	24176	41	13	46
23-580	4138	109	109	9148	13504	31	1	68
23-585	18622	545	545	6316	26027	73	2	25
E28Z.00628	29403	1634	1851	1198	34086	91	5	3
SV0143	18023	2069	2396	5118	27606	74	9	17
SV0474	26463	1089	795	2178	30525	90	3	7
SV0914	12524	1851	980	980	16335	88	6	5
SV3451	15899	762	2287	8494	27443	61	9	30
SV6009	14048	436	762	9692	24938	59	3	38
SV9043	18840	762	1416	5445	26463	75	5	20
Average	16906	1307	1739	5706	25658	70	7	22
LSD (0.05)	6217	1122	1253	4846	7548	15	8	13

¹ Total of 12 harvests.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted of primarily misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 8.1. Zucchini squash cultigen trial yields1. Number of fruit per acre by grade per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2
	#1			#2
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Calabonita	7296	2614	3594	327	653	980
Calagreen	4901	7841	3485	545	218	218
Everglade	8494	9039	5053	218	327	1198
Green Machine	7732	5990	3920	0	653	218
Ladoga	7405	5445	4574	545	545	1525
Leopard	4356	7732	4356	327	218	218
Payload	6643	8276	5227	436	545	871
Sanabria	5990	6316	4356	327	653	1089
Spineless Supreme	5881	5772	5227	0	980	653
Tigress	2723	6098	5118	436	436	545
23-580	1089	1307	1742	0	109	0
23-585	5663	7079	5881	327	0	218
E28Z.00628	9801	11326	8276	980	327	327
Zucchini Elite	2505	3703	2505	109	544	327
SV0143	7187	6207	4628	653	762	653
SV0474	11543	8276	6643	109	545	436
SV0914	1851	4683	5990	218	436	1198
SV3451	6098	5336	4465	327	109	327
SV6009	5772	4574	3703	218	218	0
SV9043	6643	6861	5336	218	109	436
Average	5979	6224	4704	316	419	572
LSD (0.05)	3105	3012	2271	676	648	779

Table 8.2. Zucchini squash cultigen trial yields¹. Number of fruit per acre by grade per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Culls3			Virus4			Total
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Calabonita	871	1089	1307	1634	2505	5663	10128	6861	11543
Calagreen	1307	545	218	653	2178	3158	7405	10781	7079
Everglade	327	545	762	0	109	544	9039	10019	7558
Green Machine	1307	327	218	436	4247	6098	9474	11217	10454
Ladoga	218	0	436	109	653	436	8276	6643	6970
Leopard	1851	545	762	871	1634	2831	7405	10128	8168
Payload	653	653	1742	109	980	1633	7841	10454	9474
Sanabria	218	653	436	218	1089	2178	6752	8712	8059
Spineless Supreme	1525	545	762	0	218	1089	7405	7514	7732
Tigress	436	436	0	4247	3267	5227	7841	10237	10890
23-580	0	0	109	1742	2178	5227	2831	3594	7079
23-585	218	109	218	1525	1634	3158	7732	8821	9474
E28Z.00628	980	436	436	0	218	980	11761	12306	10019
Zucchini Elite	2069	436	436	3049	2723	5772	7732	7405	9039
SV0143	653	980	762	109	2287	2722	8603	10237	8766
SV0474	218	545	33	0	218	1960	11870	9583	9071
SV0914	327	436	218	327	436	218	2723	5990	7623
SV3451	544	980	762	1089	1960	5445	8059	8385	10999
SV6009	109	327	327	545	4029	5118	6643	9148	9148
SV9043	980	327	109	545	2178	2722	8385	9474	8603
Average	741	496	503	860	1737	3109	7895	8875	8887
LSD (0.05)	884	777	565	1402	2097	2215	3365	3459	2500

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September;  Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6   October; Harvests   9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are  permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted of primarily misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

Table 9. Zucchini squash cultigen trial1. Percent fruit number per acre per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2
	#1			#2
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Calabonita	71	41	29	4	9	10
Calagreen	66	71	49	7	2	3
Everglade	94	90	65	2	3	15
Green Machine	82	54	38	0	7	3
Ladoga	90	82	66	6	9	20
Leopard	56	75	53	4	2	2
Payload	82	81	56	6	6	10
Sanabria	87	71	55	6	8	15
Spineless Supreme	77	76	67	0	10	9
Tigress	35	61	47	8	4	5
Zucchini Elite	31	50	29	2	9	3
23-580	34	28	26	0	2	0
23-585	72	81	59	4	0	2
E28Z.00628	84	92	83	8	3	3
SV0143	86	62	54	7	8	8
SV0474	97	86	74	1	6	5
SV0914	57	79	81	9	7	14
SV3451	76	62	42	4	1	3
SV6009	79	51	41	8	3	0
SV9043	80	74	62	3	1	5
Average	72	68	54	4	5	7

Cultivar	Culls3			Virus4
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Calabonita	10	13	12	15	36	49
Calagreen	17	4	3	9	23	45
Everglade	3	6	12	0	1	8
Green Machine	15	3	2	4	37	58
Ladoga	3	0	7	1	9	7
Leopard	28	6	14	12	17	31
Payload	10	5	19	2	7	16
Sanabria	4	11	6	3	10	25
Spineless Supreme	23	10	10	0	5	14
Tigress	6	4	0	51	31	48
Zucchini Elite	29	6	4	38	35	64
23-580	0	0	1	66	69	72
23-585	4	2	2	21	17	36
E28Z.00628	8	3	5	0	2	10
SV0143	7	11	9	1	20	30
SV0474	2	6	0	0	2	21
SV0914	13	9	3	21	6	3
SV3451	8	14	7	12	23	48
SV6009	2	5	4	12	42	55
SV9043	12	3	1	5	22	32
Average	10	6	6	14	21	34
LSD (0.05)	14	10	9	15	21	20

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September; Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September,
2, 4, and 6 October; Harvests 9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more mature
and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted of primarily misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

Table 10. Zucchini Squash cultigen trial – Percent plant stand count and average fruit length and width among replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	% Stand1	Fruit Size (cm)2
		Avg. Length	Avg. Width
Calabonita	100	13.6	2.8
Calagreen	98	17.9	4.1
Everglade	98	15.3	3.7
Green Machine	98	16.0	3.7
Ladoga	100	17.6	4.5
Leopard	100	16.9	3.8
Payload	100	17.2	3.8
Sanabria	100	18.1	4.8
Spineless Supreme	98	17.0	3.7
Tigress	75	16.3	3.8
Zucchini Elite	100	17.7	4.1
23-580	100	16.6	4.9
23-585	100	13.9	4.4
E28Z.00628	100	16.9	3.7
SV0143YG	88	16.6	4.1
SV0474YG	98	15.0	4.0
SV0914YG	83	16.5	4.0
SV3451YG	100	17.1	4.0
SV6009YG	100	16.8	4.5
SV9043YG	100	15.3	3.6
Average	97	16.4	4.0
LSD (0.05)	– –	2.2	0.8

¹ Final plant stand count was taken on 20 September 2017.
² Fruit size measurements were taken at harvests 6 and 7, October 2nd and 4th, 2017

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Figure 2. Yellow squash photographs, replicated cultivars. Clayton, NC, 2017

Cultivar	Company
Cosmos	Abbot & Cobb
Goldprize	Clifton
Grandprize	Syngenta
Multipik	HM Clause

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Table 11. Yellow Squash cultigen trial yields¹, number of 20 lb boxes per acre, per indicated harvests for replicated treatments.

Cultivar	Marketable2			Culls3
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Cosmos	88	38	23	1	0	1
Goldprize	30	69	35	3	1	0
Grandprize	96	71	81	1	2	2
Multipik	58	48	32	4	3	1
Average	68	57	43	2	2	1
LSD (0.05)	23	40	25	6	3	4

Cultivar	Virus4			Total
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Cosmos	22	64	91	111	102	115
Goldprize	35	48	48	69	118	83
Grandprize	7	27	36	103	100	119
Multipik	35	28	28	97	80	61
Average	25	42	51	95	100	95
LSD (0.05)	28	25	30	32	38	25

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September;  Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6   October; Harvests 9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October 2017.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted primarily of misshaped fruit. 
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 12. Yellow Squash cultigen trial yields, cumulative boxes, (20 lbs.), per acre, among all harvests¹. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2	Culls3	Virus4	Total	Percent
					Marketable	Culls	Virus
Cosmos	150	2	176	328	46	0	53
Goldprize	134	3	132	270	49	1	50
Grandprize	247	4	71	322	76	1	22
Multipik	139	8	91	238	58	4	39
Average	168	4	118	290	57	2	41
LSD (0.05)	73	9	62	86	17	3	16

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September;  Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6 October; Harvests   9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
²  Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted of primarily misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus. 

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Table 13. Yellow Squash cultigen trial yields¹. Percentage marketable, cull, and virus symptomatic fruit per indicated harvests by fruit yield for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Percentage of Yield Based Upon Grade
	Marketable2			Culls3			Virus4
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Cosmos	81	38	20	1	0	1	18	63	79
Goldprize	42	57	44	5	0	0	54	43	56
Grandprize	93	69	68	1	1	2	6	29	30
Multipik	61	60	47	5	6	1	35	35	52
Average	69	56	45	3	2	1	28	42	54
LSD (0.05)	21	21	31	7	6	3	20	21	31

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September;  Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6 October; Harvests   9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows  greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted primarily of mishaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 14. Yellow Squash cultigen trial yields¹, average number of fruit per plant, per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC,

2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2			Culls3
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Cosmos	1.8	0.9	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goldprize	0.7	1.8	0.8	0.1	0.0	0.0
Grandprize	2.3	2.0	1.8	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multipik	2.0	1.5	1.0	0.1	0.2	0.1
Average	1.7	1.6	1.0	0.1	0.1	0.0
LSD (0.05)	1.2	1.2	0.9	0.2	0.3	0.1

Cultivar	Virus4			Total
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Cosmos	0.4	1.4	1.9	2.3	2.3	2.3
Goldprize	1.1	1.6	1.1	1.9	3.4	1.9
Grandprize	0.1	0.7	0.7	2.5	2.8	2.6
Multipik	0.7	0.9	0.8	2.8	2.6	1.8
Average	0.6	1.1	1.1	2.4	2.8	2.2
LSD (0.05)	0.6	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.4

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September;  Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6 October; Harvests   9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more  mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted primarily of misshaped fruit. 
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 15 . Yellow squash cultigen trial. Cumulative fruit weight and percent per plant among all harvests¹. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Weight				Percentage
	Marketable2	Culls3	Virus4	Total	Marketable	Culls	Virus
Cosmos	0.8	0.0	0.9	1.7	46	1	53
Goldprize	0.8	0.0	0.9	1.7	49	1	50
Grandprize	1.6	0.0	0.4	2.0	76	1	22
Multipik	0.8	0.1	0.5	1.4	58	4	39
Average	1.0	0.0	0.7	1.7	57	2	41
LSD (0.05)	0.7	0.1	0.5	0.6	17	3	16

¹ Total of 12 harvests.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted primarily of mishaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.
^NS Data were not statistically significant.

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Table 16. Yellow squash cultigen trial yields, cumulative fruit number per plant, among all harvests¹. Clayton,NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2	Culls3	Virus4	Total	Percent
					Marketable	Culls	Virus
Cosmos	3.1	0.1	3.7	6.9	46.6	0.8	52.6
Goldprize	3.3	0.2	3.8	7.2	48.6	2.3	49.1
Grandprize	6.1	0.2	1.5	7.8	75.7	1.5	22.8
Multipik	4.5	0.4	2.3	7.3	61.9	5.4	32.6
Average	4.3	0.2	2.8	7.3	58.2	2.5	39.3
LSD (0.05)	3.1	0.4	2.0	1.9	20.7	4.3	20.5

¹ Total of 12 harvests.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted of primarily misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 17. Yellow squash cultigen trial. Cumulative fruit number per acre and percentages, among all harvests¹. Clayton, Fall, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2	Culls3	Virus4	Total	Percent
					Marketable	Culls	Virus
Cosmos	12197	218	14375	26789	47	1	53
Goldprize	11652	545	11086	23283	49	2	49
Grandprize	19275	436	5663	25374	76	2	23
Multipik	15028	1198	7841	24067	62	5	33
Average	14538	599	9741	24878	58	3	39
LSD (0.05)	6864	996	6057	6227	21	4	21

¹ Total of 12 harvests.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are   permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted of primarily misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 18. Yellow squash cultigen trial yields¹. Number of fruit per acre by grade per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2			Culls3			Virus4			Total
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Cosmos	7187	3485	1525	109	0	109	1742	5336	7296	9039	8821	8930
Goldprize	2505	6425	2723	436	109	0	3158	4661	3267	6098	11195	5990
Grandprize	7296	6207	5772	109	218	109	327	2505	2831	7732	8930	8712
Multipik	6643	5336	3049	545	545	109	2178	3158	2505	9365	9039	5663
Average	5908	5363	3267	300	218	82	1851	3915	3975	8059	9496	7324
LSD (0.05)	2538	3591	2171	704	513	290	1769	2577	2619	2315	3481	2306

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September;  Harvests 5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6 October; Harvests   9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are  permitted to be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted of primarily misshaped fruit.
⁴ Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 19. Yellow squash cultigen trial1. Percent fruit number per acre per indicated harvests for replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 2017.

Cultivar	Marketable2			Culls3			Virus4
	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12	1 – 4	5 – 8	9 – 12
Cosmos	80	40	18	1	0	1	19	60	81
Goldprize	40	55	46	7	1	0	53	44	54
Grandprize	95	69	67	1	2	1	4	29	32
Multipik	71	59	48	5	8	2	24	34	50
Average	72	56	45	4	3	1	25	42	54
LSD (0.05)	22	22	29	7	9	4	22	24	30

¹ Total of 12 harvests. Planting was 14 August 2017. Harvests 1-4 occurred on 20, 22, 25, and 27 September;  Harvests  5-8 occurred on 29 September, 2, 4, and 6 October; Harvests   9-12 occurred on 9, 11, 13, and 16 October.
² Marketable fruit are graded into U.S. No. 1 (requires younger and more tender squash than U.S. No. 2 which are permitted to  be more mature and allows greater surface area to be affected by defects).
³ Culls consisted of primarily misshaped fruit.
  Fruit were discolored or rough/disfigured due to virus.

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Table 20. Yellow Squash cultigen trial – Percent plant stand count and average fruit length and width among replicated treatments. Clayton, NC, 20171.

Cultivar	% Stand1	Fruit Size (mm) 2
		Avg. Length	Avg. Width
Cosmos	90	15.6	3.7
Goldprize	83	13.3	4.2
Grandprize	83	14.5	3.8
Multipik	83	13.8	3.9
Average	85	14.3	3.9
LSD (0.05)		1.9	0.8

¹ Final plant stand count was taken on 5 September 2017.
² Fruit size measurements were taken at harvests 6 and 7, October 2nd and 4th, 2017